1. Determine the main technical parameters of the milling cutter: the outer diameter of the tool, the machining thickness, and the center hole diameter. Other technical parameters: the number of teeth, the direction of rotation, the speed of rotation, the feed speed, the clamping method, and the material of the teeth.
2. Select the structural form of the milling cutter: According to the nature and requirements of the cutting object, comprehensively consider the selection of integral milling cutters, welding integral milling cutters, assembly milling cutters and combined milling cutters from both technical and economic aspects.
3. Selection of the rotation direction of the milling cutter: The rotation direction of the milling cutter is determined according to the rotation direction of the main shaft of the processing machine and the relative position of the cutter shaft and the feed workpiece. Whether it is an integral milling cutter or an assembly milling cutter, the cutting edge is relative to the milling cutter. The inclination of the radius determines the direction of rotation of the milling cutter.
4. Selection of the cutting amount of the milling cutter: The cutting amount of the milling cutter includes the cutting speed of the milling cutter, the feed rate of the workpiece and the milling depth. The cutting speed of the milling cutter depends on the milling cutter speed and the radius of the milling cutter. The feed rate of the workpiece depends on the requirements for the quality of the machined surface. The surface roughness of the workpiece to be cut depends largely on the feed per tooth of the milling cutter during the cutting process. If the feed per tooth is too large, the machined surface is too rough, and the feed per tooth is too small, and the machined surface will burn. Therefore, the feed per tooth of the milling cutter must be appropriate.
5. Stability of milling cutter operation: The stability of milling cutter operation is the basis for ensuring machining accuracy and surface quality. This includes two aspects: one is that the milling cutter vibrates due to the excitation of external force during cutting; the other is that the milling cutter is deformed under the action of external force.
6. The safety of milling cutter processing: The safety of milling cutter processing includes milling cutter rotation speed limit, chip thickness limit, profile height limit of forming milling cutter, and assembly milling cutter blade thickness and protrusion limit.
Wood cutting is characterized by high-speed cutting. The rotation speed of the milling cutter is more than 3000rpm. High-speed cutting brings high production efficiency and smooth surface quality to wood cutting. At the same time, it also brings a series of safety problems. Therefore, when the spindle speed of the milling machine tool reaches 9000rpm, except for the shank milling cutter with a tool less than 16mm, the use of the assembled milling cutter should be prohibited. Strict flaw detection inspection. The chip thickness limit is a necessary measure to ensure that the milling cutter is severely overloaded due to the excessive feed rate of the milling cutter.
For the forming milling cutter, the height value of the forming profile is closely related to the clamping method of the milling cutter, the thickness of the cutting workpiece, and the diameter of the milling cutter. After the thickness of the cutting workpiece, the diameter of the milling cutter and the central hole diameter are determined, the height of the milling cutter profile reflects the strength and stiffness of the milling cutter itself, as well as the ability to withstand cutting resistance. Therefore, the height of the profile must be limited to ensure the safety of the milling cutter. The clamping of the blade must be considered when designing the assembled milling cutter body. Whether it is a cylindrical cutter body or a disc type cutter body, the clamping form of the blade must ensure that it can provide enough clamping force to resist the rotary centrifugal force. .
